Improvement in trucks



2Sheetjs--Sh eet1. .l. GHISHDLM 81. l. G. MAYER. Trucks.

N0. 135,205, I 7 .1 Patentedlan-28J873.

Witnesses, ffim [22713242220 a WW AM. PHOTO-UTHUGRAPH/C 00 N1( assannzPlmcsss) J. GHISHOLM & I. G. MAYER.

Trucks.

No. 135,205, F132. PatentedJan.28,187-3.

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AM. P/mramuosmmm ca MY.(0ssoR/IE.'; moms) PATENT OFFICE JOHN CHISHOLMAND ISAAC O. MAYER, OF TORONTO, CANADA.

IMPROVEMENT IN TRUCKS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 135,205, dated January28, 1873.

To all whom away concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN CHISHOLM and ISAAC CHRISTIAN MAYER, nowresiding in Toronto, in the county of York, Province of Ontario, Canada,have invented an Improved Apparatus for Moving Houses and otherBuildings and Heavy Bodies; and we do hereby declare that the followingis a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to theaccompanyingdrawing making part of this specification- 1 a Figure 1being an upward view of the apparatus as applied to the bottom ofabuildin g ready for moving the same; Fig. 2, a front View of the sameFig. 3, a front view of one of the side trucks of the apparatus; Fig. 4,a side view of a part detached, showing the application of one of theimproved brakes applied to the trucks; Fig. 5, a top view of one of thebrakes.

Like letters designate corresponding parts in all of the figures.

The essential parts composing our improved apparatus are, first, threeor more trucks, on which the building is supported and moved; second, aset of chains, or their equivalents, peculiarly arranged to preventspreading or injuriously straining the timbers of the building; third, aset of peculiarly-applied brakes, to prevent a too rapid movement of thebuild ing in descending steep hills.

Our improved trucks are constructed substantially in the followingmanner 2 Each side or rear truck has two wheels, A A, of solid wood,preferably sycamore, which is close and tough in fiber, so that they donot require to be iron-banded. They may be made of any desireddimensions; but, for general use, we

make them twenty-five inches in diameter, and twenty-one inches axialdimensions, or thereabout. Their peripheries are made slightlytaperingfrom the inner to the outer faces. These wheels revolve on aheavy axle-tree, B, made preferably of hickory orloak-say, nine inchessquare, and having bearings tapering from nine to eight inches indiameter-and they are fastened thereon, as usual, with linch-pins andwashers. The body 0 of each truck is a single timber, of white-oak orother strong, tough woodsay, four feet long, twelve inches wide, and sixinches thick-bolted upon the top of the axle B at right angles thereto,and secured thereon by strap-braces a a of ironsay, about three incheswide and one-h alf inch thick-bolted to the under side of the axle andto the ends of the body. We also plate its upper surface with half-inchiron. These body-timbers occupy the full distance between the wheels AA, which, with the dimensions above given, are one foot apart; The fronttruck is made in the same manner as the side trucks above described,except that in place of the transverse body-timber there is anadditional block, D, laid longitudinally upon the axle-tree timbers ofthe house'at the center of the inner end thereof. Its forward end restson the axle of the front truck, as represented, and is coupled theretoby a king-bolt or pivot-pin, d, of sufficient size-two and a halfinchesin diameter, or thereabont-which passes through the saidbolster-block and into the sill of the house several inches. The lowerend fits and turns in a vertical hole through or in the axle of thefront truck, as represented. A metallic washer, f, is placed around thiskingbolt between the bolster-block and axle-tree to reduce friction andallow the truck to turn freely under the house.

Two side trucks are placed under the build-' ing about two-thirds of thewayback from the front end, under which the front truck is placed in themiddle. For houses ofordinary size-say, twenty-five by thirty feetdimensions-three trucks are sufficient; but for large buildingsadditional side trucks are employed.

The arrangement of brace-chains, which constitutes another feature ofour invention, is for -the purpose of binding the sides of the housebeing bushed with iron to prevent injury to the sills thereof. The chainis fastened at the ends to prevent its drawing inward through the holes,the readiest way of fastening which is to tie knots in the chain outsideof the sills. A doubled chain, I, which we term the bririle-chain, hasits ends tied or secured to the middle of the cross-chain H, and itsdoubled end is passed through the hole I) in the axle of the fronttruck. To this bridle-chain the middle team of horses is hitched, or atraction-engine, if one is used for the purpose. Other chains K K arepassed diagonally through the sills near the front corners, by whichchains other teams, whcnrequired, draw. The action of all these chains,when the teams are pulling, is to press and bind the sides of thebuilding together so as to efi'ectuall y prevent spreading or rackingits timbers.

Brakes L L are applied to two or more of the wheels of the side trucks.These brakes are made of plate-iron, about onehalf of an inch thick, andshaped substantially as represented in Fig. 5,the main partof each brakebe ing wide enough to embrace the whole tread of the wheel, with sideedges turned up two or three inches; while the forward end tapers on theoutward edge inward, and also bends upward. It has a hole, g, in thefront end to receive a hook or other fastening, by which to attach it toa drag-chain, h, or its equivalent, secured to the sills or other partof the house in front of the truck. The brakes are so situated as todrag directly under the tread of the wheels, and thus cause the wheelsto ride there on and retard the motion.

These brakes are put in place when the trucks are to descend a hill, andat the bottom they are unfasten ed, an d the truck-wheels pass overthem. A brake for the outer wheel of each side truck is sufficient forthe purpose.

The advantages of these improved trucks with broad Wheels are such as toobviate several objections to truck-wheels of narrow tread. They do notcut up streets or roads, and rather improve than injure them; and theydo not destroy or injure pipes or drains under the streets, while theysecure the building from the possibility of falling over when the roadis sidling or when the trucks are making short turns. Fewer men andhorses are required than when rollers are used, and the speed of moving,especially in turning corners, is much enhanced, while the trucks are ofsimple and cheap construction.

lVhat we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

1. The side trucks, composed, each, of the tapering wheels A A, axle B,body 0, of asingle timber, at right angles to the axle, and thestrap-braces a a, constructed as described, and arranged, in combinationwith the front truck, substantially as herein specified.

2. The front truck, composed of the tapering wheels A A, axle B, havingthe chain-hole b therein, and the bolster-block G, held upon the axle bythe king-bolt d, constructed and arranged substantially as hereinspecified.

3. The brace-chains H I K K, arranged substantially as and for thepurpose herein specitied.

his JOHN OHISHOLM.

1. -k. I. o. Mirna.

\Vitnesses:

A. CHRISTIE, WM. MORTIMER CLARK.

